A United States insurance scheme illustrates the challenge of insurance for a changing climate. The National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) was set up in 1968 to provide government-subsidised flood insurance for businesses and residences in the USA. It applies to both freshwater and marine flooding. The scheme is only available to communities that adopt and enforce floodplain management strategies. In recent decades, the scheme has suffered from a number of problems including low levels of participation and high levels of debt. Debt levels in the program have been exacerbated by recent catastrophic hurricane-related floods.